Russia’s ‘Shadow Fleet’ of Tankers Swells to 600 Ships, Trafigura Says

By Archie Hunter, Alix Steel and Grant Smith (Bloomberg) —

The “shadow fleet” of ships that transport Russian oil around the world has expanded to around 600 tankers, according to trading giant Trafigura.

About 400 crude oil vessels, or 20% of the global fleet, have “switched” from mainstream trades to “ostensibly do Russian business,” co-head of oil trading Ben Luckock said in an interview on Bloomberg Television. For oil product tankers, the company sees the level at 200 tankers, or 7% of the world total.

“You had the old days of Iran and Venezuela, and there was a shadow fleet that was relatively small — it would manage the sanctioned barrels,” Luckock said. “This Russian flow is vastly different – it’s huge.”

The European Union will ban almost all seaborne imports of Russian refined fuels from Sunday, two months after imposing a prohibition on crude oil. The measures will come in conjunction with a cap on the price of Russian petroleum for anyone wishing to access key western services like insurance.

The ban will eventually lift crude and products prices as shipping mileages increase and routes take longer, Luckock said.

“There’s a lot of people talking about how they can be clever and get rid of Russian oil. But it is a vast volume that needs to find a new home,” Luckock said. “I think in the early days maybe that’s okay, but as time progresses there will be difficulties in the products markets.”

Oil prices have edged lower this year as Russian production remains high, in part due to continued willingness of buyers and shippers to trade with Moscow. Brent crude futures traded near $80 a barrel in London on Friday.

Crude will trade in a range of $80 to $100 barrel, heading above $90 this summer as Chinese demand recovers, though futures may struggle to break triple-digits, Luckock said. 

“We are building a deep inefficiency into an oil market that has spent decades becoming incredibly efficient,” Luckock said. “This will get worse over time.”

Trafigura is doing “very little” Russian oil products business, in line with current regulations, but the company — which is one of the world’s biggest commodity traders, and until recently held joint-venture partnerships with Russia’s Rosneft — will be keeping an eye on what the EU announces on Sunday.

“We’ve got a group of compliance people and lawyers waiting to see what the rules are,” he said.

(Updates with additional information from interview throughout)

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