Page 20 of 45 FirstFirst ... 10181920212230 ... LastLast
Results 381 to 400 of 899

Thread: HMS Bounty and Hurricane Sandy

  1. #381
    cappy208's Avatar
    cappy208 is offline Top Contributer
    Join Date
    Mar 2010
    Location
    New England
    Posts
    1,984
    Thanks
    107
    Thanked 664 Times in 407 Posts

    Default Re: HMS Bounty and Hurricane Sandy

    Quote Originally Posted by c.captain View Post
    Who was it that bailed off at New London? There have been posts to the BOUNTY Facebook page by a man who claims that this person left because of the second generator not being functional. Unfounded speculation of provable fact?
    Unfortunately the person who commented on the generator sitrep has decided to not post again. Also, another poster stated conflicting info about the generators that confused the issue.

    But the really interesting info would be to find out who bailed in NL? Time will tell.
    Share on Facebook

  2. #382
    steelbeach's Avatar
    steelbeach is offline gCaptain Crew
    Join Date
    Oct 2009
    Location
    in the fog
    Posts
    45
    Thanks
    2
    Thanked 0 Times in 0 Posts

    Default Re: HMS Bounty and Hurricane Sandy

    The info about the crew abandoning and entering the rafts seems to be everybody's experience during bad weather and trying to get into and function in standard survival suits
    I've been sailing transient on fishermen (uninspected) last handful of years.
    So bought a Mustang Ice Comm to make sure of having a decent chance.
    Made a big difference to my mobility having gloves and boots and able to work a submersible handheld.
    P.T.L.have only used it during drills and you can imagine I'm the source of entertainment for the rest of the gang !
    Next trip will have a personal EPIRB attached
    Can't help thinking EPIRB or VHF could have tipped the outcome to favor the crew in this one
    Share on Facebook

  3. #383
    Topsail's Avatar
    Topsail is offline Old Salt
    Join Date
    Jan 2012
    Location
    Between two pilotage assignments.
    Posts
    389
    Thanks
    86
    Thanked 166 Times in 127 Posts

    Default Re: HMS Bounty and Hurricane Sandy

    Quote Originally Posted by c.captain View Post
    If I was the underwriter, I'd sure as hell be damned sure to not be paying out one penny in a claim settlement until the USCG formal investigation is complete and reports made public. Willful disregard for the practice of good seamanship on the part of Walbridge may well negate the obligation of the insurers to pay anything to the owner. He is their direct agent and they are responsible for him even if there is no paper or email trail that shows that they ordered him to depart which I fear there might have been but may have been destroyed by now.

    Who was it that bailed off at New London? There have been posts to the BOUNTY Facebook page by a man who claims that this person left because of the second generator not being functional. Unfounded speculation of provable fact?
    Consideration of payment or the premium against loss or damage cause by maritime perils.

    Peril of the seas:

    A peril of the sea must be perils which could not be foreseen or guarded against as probable incidents of the intended voyage. It is a damage occurring at sea and nobody's fault.

    Where there is an accidental incursion of seawater into a vessel or part of the vessel, and in a manner, where seawater is not expected to enter in the ordinary course of things, and there is consequent damage to the thing insured, there is prima facie a loss by perils of the sea. The accident may consist in some negligent act, such as improper opening of a valve, or a hole made in a pipe by mischance, or it may be that seawater is admitted by stress of weather or some like cause bringing the sea over openings ordinarily not exposed to the sea or, even without stress of weather, by the vessel heeling over owing to some accident, or by the breaking of hatches or other coverings. These are merely a few amongst many possible instances in which there may be a fortuitous incursion of seawater. It is the fortuitous entry of the seawater which is the peril of the sea in such cases. Whether in any particular case there is such a loss is a question of fact for the jury."

    They do not protect, for example, against that natural and inevitable action of the winds and waves, which results in what may be described as wear and tear. There must be some casualty, something which could not be foreseen as one of the necessary incidents of the adventure. The purpose of the policy is to secure an indemnity against accidents which may happen, not against events which must happen

    A loss occasioned by leakage, which is caused by rats gnawing a hole in the bottom of the vessel, is not deemed a loss by peril of the sea, or by inevitable casualty. But if the master had used all reasonable precautions to prevent such loss, as by having a cat on board, it seems agreed, it would be a peril of the sea, or inevitable accident.

    Inchmaree clause:

    In marine insurance, the Inchmaree clause is an extension of cover to include damage or loss due to latent causes such as breakage of the ship's drive shafts, bursting of its boilers, unseen defects in its hull, machinery, and auxiliary equipment; as well as due to errors in navigation, or negligence of its captain, officers, engineers, crew, pilots, etc. It is named after the ship Inchmaree involved in a landmark 1887 case (Thames & Mersey Marine Insurance Co. v. Hamilton, Fraser & Co.) where a UK court declared that the above causes do not fit the definition of all other perils, losses or misfortunes but ... provided that such loss or damage is not due to lack of diligence by the assured.
    Share on Facebook

  4. The Following User Says Thank You to Topsail For This Useful Post:

    curtgetz (November 5th, 2012)

  5. #384
    c.captain's Avatar
    c.captain is online now Top Contributer
    Join Date
    Oct 2008
    Location
    anyplace other than Bayoo LaFlush!
    Posts
    4,552
    Thanks
    526
    Thanked 1,532 Times in 939 Posts

    Default Re: HMS Bounty and Hurricane Sandy

    I am trying to find appropriate legal citations to highlight the definition of the "ordinary practice of good seamanship" and what constitutes negligence. So far I have this but I know there is much more to tap.

    As applied to this case, negligence may be defined as the
    failure to exercise such precautions or degree of care as a
    reasonably prudent Master would exercise under the same
    circumstances. In other word, a Master is not required to make the
    right decision at all times in order to avoid being guilty of
    negligence; but he must exercise reasonable care according to the
    standards of the ordinary practice of good seamanship rather than
    to indulge in acts of imprudent seamanship. Hence, by making a
    wrong choice among alternatives, a Master commits an error of
    judgment which does not amount to negligence if his choice was one
    which a competent and prudent Master might reasonably have made
    under the prevailing circumstances. However, many laws and
    regulations merely emphasize the general standards of good
    seamanship established by the courts on the basis of the general
    principles of maritime law which, in turn, are the outgrowth of,
    and built up from, the practices of mariners over a period of
    hundreds of years and the requirements of due care to prevent
    collisions at sea.
    so Inchmaree might let the owners off unless it is somehow shown that they forced the master to use negligent judgement. This clause cannot be so absolute to put 100% or responsibility of a master who has gone "rogue"...can it?
    Share on Facebook

  6. #385
    Topsail's Avatar
    Topsail is offline Old Salt
    Join Date
    Jan 2012
    Location
    Between two pilotage assignments.
    Posts
    389
    Thanks
    86
    Thanked 166 Times in 127 Posts

    Default Re: HMS Bounty and Hurricane Sandy

    The reasonable person.

    A person has acted negligently if she has departed from the conduct expected of a reasonably prudent person acting under similar circumstances. A reasonable person is a skilled, competent, and experienced person who engages in the same activity.

    In other words, if you would have been the vessel’s operator manager, would you have accepted the proposed passage planning considering the caracteristics of the vessel involved, the manning level and experience of the crew against the prevailing weather forecast. Probably not. So if you do not have an extension of cover to include damage or loss due to errors in navigation or negligence of its captain, officers, engineers, crew ... you will have to request donations !
    Share on Facebook

  7. The Following User Says Thank You to Topsail For This Useful Post:

    curtgetz (November 5th, 2012)

  8. #386
    c.captain's Avatar
    c.captain is online now Top Contributer
    Join Date
    Oct 2008
    Location
    anyplace other than Bayoo LaFlush!
    Posts
    4,552
    Thanks
    526
    Thanked 1,532 Times in 939 Posts

    Default Re: HMS Bounty and Hurricane Sandy

    Quote Originally Posted by Topsail View Post
    The reasonable person.

    A person has acted negligently if she has departed from the conduct expected of a reasonably prudent person acting under similar circumstances. A reasonable person is a skilled, competent, and experienced person who engages in the same activity.

    In other words, if you would have been the vessel’s operator manager, would you have accepted the proposed passage planning considering the caracteristics of the vessel involved, the manning level and experience of the crew against the prevailing weather forecast. Probably not. So if you do not have an extension of cover to include damage or loss due to errors in navigation or negligence of its captain, officers, engineers, crew ... you will have to request donations !
    But the operator/manager/owner did accept all voyage factors that you list and had clear and present knowledge of the vessel's track in relation to the forecast track of Sandy. If they accepted and did not order the master to take his vessel to shelter, how does that effect their own liability against "reasonable person" and ultimate claim of loss under an Act of God/Peril of the Sea?
    Share on Facebook

  9. #387
    Topsail's Avatar
    Topsail is offline Old Salt
    Join Date
    Jan 2012
    Location
    Between two pilotage assignments.
    Posts
    389
    Thanks
    86
    Thanked 166 Times in 127 Posts

    Default Re: HMS Bounty and Hurricane Sandy

    I don't know, but I think that there will be some very serious questions to address before an agreement is acheive.

    • Did the peril could not be foreseen or guarded against, at nobody's fault, as probable incidents of the intended voyage,
    • Where there an accidental incursion of seawater into a vessel, and in a manner, where seawater is not expected to enter in the ordinary course of things,
    • Did her Master acted negligently as he departed from the skilled, competent and experienced conduct, expected of a reasonably prudent person acting under similar circumstances and engaged in the same activity,
    • Did the management exercised Due Diligence or care in the research, analysis and the preparation of the intended voyage that a reasonable person would exercise to avoid harm to other persons or their property,
    • Etc., etc.


    These are merely a few amongst many possible instances whether in any particular case of such a loss, is a question of fact for the ... jury.
    Last edited by Topsail; November 5th, 2012 at 11:50 AM.
    Share on Facebook

  10. #388
    Topsail's Avatar
    Topsail is offline Old Salt
    Join Date
    Jan 2012
    Location
    Between two pilotage assignments.
    Posts
    389
    Thanks
    86
    Thanked 166 Times in 127 Posts

    Default Re: HMS Bounty and Hurricane Sandy

    After a traumatic experience, it's normal to feel frightened, sad, anxious, and disconnected. But if the upset doesn't fade and you feel stuck with a constant sense of danger and painful memories, you may be suffering from post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). It can seem like you'll never get over what happened or feel normal again.

    Cognitive-behavioral therapy for PTSD and trauma involves carefully and gradually “exposing” yourself to thoughts, feelings, and situations that remind you of the trauma. Therapy also involves identifying upsetting thoughts about the traumatic event–particularly thoughts that are distorted and irrational—and replacing them with more balanced picture.
    Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) can make you feel disconnected from others. You may be tempted to withdraw from social activities and your loved ones. But it’s important to stay connected to life and the people who care about you. Support from other people is vital to your recovery from PTSD, so ask your close friends and family members for their help during this tough time.

    It’s only natural to want to avoid painful memories and feelings. But if you try to numb yourself and push your memories away, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) will only get worse. You can’t escape your emotions completely—they emerge under stress or whenever you let down your guard—and trying to do so is exhausting. The avoidance will ultimately harm your relationships, your ability to function, and the quality of your life.


    http://www.helpguide.org/mental/post..._treatment.htm
    Share on Facebook

  11. #389
    ChiefRob's Avatar
    ChiefRob is offline Top Contributer
    Join Date
    May 2012
    Location
    Mobile AL
    Posts
    526
    Thanks
    299
    Thanked 339 Times in 167 Posts

    Default Re: HMS Bounty and Hurricane Sandy

    Quote Originally Posted by steelbeach View Post
    The info about the crew abandoning and entering the rafts seems to be everybody's experience during bad weather and trying to get into and function in standard survival suits

    Can't help thinking EPIRB or VHF could have tipped the outcome to favor the crew in this one

    This is a copy from the D.O.D web site it says very clearly they had a EPIRB and VHF's that is what the coast guard was responding to. www.defense.gov/news/newsarticle.aspx?id=118377


    Coast Guard Rescues 14 ‘Bounty’ Sinking Victims
    By Christopher Lagan
    U.S. Coast Guard Compass Blog

    WASHINGTON, Oct. 30, 2012 – During an Oct. 29 U.S. Coast Guard search-and-rescue operation associated with Hurricane Sandy, 14 people who'd abandoned the sinking HMS Bounty tall ship were rescued from life rafts in the Atlantic Ocean approximately 90 miles southeast of Hatteras, N.C.


    A Coast Guard rescue swimmer approaches one of two lifeboats Oct. 29, 2012, where the crew of HMS Bounty sought shelter after abandoning ship in the Atlantic Ocean approximately 90 miles southeast of Hatteras, N.C. Screenshot from U.S. Coast Guard video
    (Click photo for screen-resolution image);high-resolution image available.

    The search continues for two people who remain missing from the Bounty’s crew.

    The owner of the 180-foot, three-mast tall ship HMS Bounty, a replica of the original British transport vessel built for the 1962 film “Mutiny on the Bounty” starring Marlon Brando, contacted Coast Guard Sector North Carolina after losing communication with the crew late Sunday evening.

    The 5th Coast Guard District command center in Portsmouth, Va., subsequently received a signal from the emergency distress position indicating radio beacon registered to the Bounty confirming the distress and position.

    A Coast Guard search airplane was launched from U.S. Coast Guard Air Station Elizabeth City, N.C., Sunday evening which established communication with the Bounty’s crew upon arriving on scene. The vessel was reportedly sinking in 18-foot seas accompanied by 40-mph winds.

    By the time two Coast Guard rescue helicopters dispatched from the Elizabeth City station arrived on scene Oct. 29 at approximately 6:30 a.m., the 16 crew members had reportedly divided among two 25-man lifeboats and were wearing cold weather survival suits and life jackets. Air crews located and rescued 14 of the 16 crew members.

    The HMS Bounty is reportedly sunk but the mast is still visible.

    A Coast Guard search airplane and two rescue helicopters are searching for the two remaining crew members with Coast Guard Cutters Elm and Gallatin en route to assist with the search.
    Share on Facebook

  12. The Following User Says Thank You to ChiefRob For This Useful Post:

    steelbeach (November 5th, 2012)

  13. #390
    c.captain's Avatar
    c.captain is online now Top Contributer
    Join Date
    Oct 2008
    Location
    anyplace other than Bayoo LaFlush!
    Posts
    4,552
    Thanks
    526
    Thanked 1,532 Times in 939 Posts

    Default Re: HMS Bounty and Hurricane Sandy

    Quote Originally Posted by Topsail View Post
    After a traumatic experience, it's normal to feel frightened, sad, anxious, and disconnected. But if the upset doesn't fade and you feel stuck with a constant sense of danger and painful memories, you may be suffering from post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). It can seem like you'll never get over what happened or feel normal again.
    And you believe that PTSD is why the survivors are not talking? Must have been one pretty horrible night without the calm reassurance of a competent master to allay people's natural terror and fright of being aboard a ship that is foundering in a storm.

    As bait for Bill Daugherty, I still believe that events occurred that night that are even worse than my tame statement above. It is more that clear from the fact that the survivors are silent that Walbridge was no hero out there!


    WHAT THE FUCK HAPPENED THAT NIGHT?
    Share on Facebook

  14. #391
    Bayrunner is online now Top Contributer
    Join Date
    Jan 2011
    Posts
    554
    Thanks
    86
    Thanked 119 Times in 69 Posts

    Default

    Does anyone know if its still floating around out there or did it completely sink?
    Share on Facebook

  15. #392
    Topsail's Avatar
    Topsail is offline Old Salt
    Join Date
    Jan 2012
    Location
    Between two pilotage assignments.
    Posts
    389
    Thanks
    86
    Thanked 166 Times in 127 Posts

    Default Re: HMS Bounty and Hurricane Sandy

    Cognitive-behavioral therapy for PTSD and trauma involves carefully and gradually “exposing” yourself to thoughts, feelings, and situations that remind you of the trauma.

    You may be tempted to withdraw from social activities and your loved ones. But it’s important to stay connected to life and the people who care about you.

    But if you try to numb yourself and push your memories away, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) will only get worse.
    What I think is that the crew should start to talk easy about the shipwreck. It would help to recover from that frightening experience. I think by trying to expose the truth to prevent such an occurence to repeat in the near future, we are the real people who care.
    Share on Facebook

  16. The Following User Says Thank You to Topsail For This Useful Post:

    SeaSick (November 5th, 2012)

  17. #393
    Topsail's Avatar
    Topsail is offline Old Salt
    Join Date
    Jan 2012
    Location
    Between two pilotage assignments.
    Posts
    389
    Thanks
    86
    Thanked 166 Times in 127 Posts

    Default Re: HMS Bounty and Hurricane Sandy

    Quote Originally Posted by c.captain View Post
    And you believe that PTSD is why the survivors are not talking? Must have been one pretty horrible night without the calm reassurance of a competent master to allay people's natural terror and fright of being aboard a ship that is foundering in a storm.

    As bait for Bill Daugherty, I still believe that events occurred that night that are even worse than my tame statement above. It is more that clear from the fact that the survivors are silent that Walbridge was no hero out there!


    [B]WHAT THE FUCK HAPPENED THAT NIGHT?[/B ]
    Master or Guru ?

    Guru (Devanagari गुरु) is a Sanskrit term for "teacher" or "master", especially in Indian religions. The Hindu guru-shishya tradition is the oral tradition or religious doctrine transmitted from teacher to student. In the United States, the meaning of "guru" has been used to cover anyone who acquires followers, especially by exploiting their naiveté, due to the inflationary use of the term in new religious movements ... (or other movements).

    The enlightened master who derives his authority from his experience, such as achieving enlightenment. This type appears in bhakti movements and in tantra and asks for unquestioning obedience, and can have Western followers. Westerners can even become one, as have, for example Andrew Cohen, and Isaac Shapiro.
    Share on Facebook

  18. #394
    AHTS Master's Avatar
    AHTS Master is offline Old Salt
    Join Date
    Apr 2010
    Location
    Mobile, Al.
    Posts
    202
    Thanks
    84
    Thanked 76 Times in 44 Posts

    Default Re: HMS Bounty and Hurricane Sandy

    Quote Originally Posted by c.captain View Post
    And you believe that PTSD is why the survivors are not talking? Must have been one pretty horrible night without the calm reassurance of a competent master to allay people's natural terror and fright of being aboard a ship that is foundering in a storm.

    As bait for Bill Daugherty, I still believe that events occurred that night that are even worse than my tame statement above. It is more that clear from the fact that the survivors are silent that Walbridge was no hero out there!


    WHAT THE FUCK HAPPENED THAT NIGHT?
    I believe the Info will slowly start oozing out and eventually the stool softener will kick in.
    Share on Facebook

  19. #395
    c.captain's Avatar
    c.captain is online now Top Contributer
    Join Date
    Oct 2008
    Location
    anyplace other than Bayoo LaFlush!
    Posts
    4,552
    Thanks
    526
    Thanked 1,532 Times in 939 Posts

    Default Re: HMS Bounty and Hurricane Sandy

    Quote Originally Posted by Topsail View Post
    Master or Guru ?

    Guru (Devanagari गुरु) is a Sanskrit term for "teacher" or "master", especially in Indian religions. The Hindu guru-shishya tradition is the oral tradition or religious doctrine transmitted from teacher to student. In the United States, the meaning of "guru" has been used to cover anyone who acquires followers, especially by exploiting their naiveté, due to the inflationary use of the term in new religious movements ... (or other movements).

    The enlightened master who derives his authority from his experience, such as achieving enlightenment. This type appears in bhakti movements and in tantra and asks for unquestioning obedience, and can have Western followers. Westerners can even become one, as have, for example Andrew Cohen, and Isaac Shapiro.
    Haven't we already covered Kumbaya Circle Jerk?



    I am certainly beginning to believe Walbridge was every bit as much of a phoney as the good Bhagwan himself
    Share on Facebook

  20. #396
    Topsail's Avatar
    Topsail is offline Old Salt
    Join Date
    Jan 2012
    Location
    Between two pilotage assignments.
    Posts
    389
    Thanks
    86
    Thanked 166 Times in 127 Posts

    Default Re: HMS Bounty and Hurricane Sandy

    ..........
    Share on Facebook

  21. #397
    ChiefRob's Avatar
    ChiefRob is offline Top Contributer
    Join Date
    May 2012
    Location
    Mobile AL
    Posts
    526
    Thanks
    299
    Thanked 339 Times in 167 Posts

    Default Re: HMS Bounty and Hurricane Sandy

    I found this on ABC news, it seems that not everyone in the TSC community thinks it was sane decision to sail into a hurricane. Even the former captain. I don't think it is a suprize to anyone on here though.







    Cathy Carey of Nova Scotia is a former president of the Society of Preservation of the HMS Bounty and said the last time she saw the ship it looked "well taken care of and I felt really good about the whole thing."

    But she wondered why Walbridge was on the ocean with all the warnings about the looming superstorm.

    "He knew the storm was coming, for a couple of weeks. He had plenty of time to know," she said. "He shouldn't have gone out there, but it's all hindsight now."

    Hugh Boyd, 77, a former Bounty captain for 16 years, echoed Carey in wondering why Walbridge took the ship out as a hurricane approached.

    "I'm so sorry he went out in this weather to risk the lives of him and his crew," Boyd said. "It was very risky business."

    The former captain said he was devastated by the news of its sinking. He said he had been fielding phone calls all day from about 40 former crew members all who lamented the ship's loss.





    HMS Bounty Sinks in Sandy Wrath Watch Video







    Hurricane Sandy Sinks Replica Three-mast Ship Watch Video







    Hurricane Sandy Sinks HMS Bounty, Two People Missing Watch Video



    "She was so special to many of us, very, very special," he said. "We were so proud to be a part of it and now to hear that she's gone, it's a disaster. This is upsetting, very, upsetting."
    Share on Facebook

  22. #398
    Steamer is offline Top Contributer
    Join Date
    Jul 2009
    Location
    Eze sur Mer
    Posts
    1,008
    Thanks
    94
    Thanked 492 Times in 247 Posts

    Default Re: HMS Bounty and Hurricane Sandy

    This Bounty thing has really stirred up a lot of people all across the board and reading the posts on various forums is enlightening and sometimes amusing but some of the stuff from the recreational crowd sends a chill up your spine. A good result though is that gCaptain is getting some mention as a source of professional insights and comment. Heaven only knows how many of their readers faint away like 19th century school girls when they come across the pointy stick style of seafaring criticism. They don't seem to appreciate facts that are much blunter than a plastic sailboat's bow.

    There was a good discussion going on in a "trawler" site (which included a link to gCaptain) where one of the members was being praised for the high quality of his seamanship after putting his family aboard a little plastic "trawler" boat and setting anchor in shallow water someplace on Long Island. He believed that if anything happened the water wasn't deep enough to completely cover the boat and if the anchor dragged and they went ashore they could just walk off. A few people condemned his actions but they were shouted down by the huge majority who went so far as to echo the exact words we have been reading about the late Mr. Walbridge - that the guy was a hero and made the right decision - and for protecting his "crew"/family. Tthe fact that he survived is proof to them that he is a superior seaman. The fact that the guy admits to just hanging on for dear life and did nothing other than be a passenger while the storm raged doesn't seem to enter into it.

    If nothing else this whole Bounty affair is showing us that there really is a gulf between the recreational (including the TSC) hobbyist and the professional mariner. These guys are really really scary, a lot scarier than I ever believed they were. I think this storm has opened a few eyes but unfortunately it seems to have driven some of the survivors into a deeper defensive position, from fear or just embarrassment I don't know.
    Share on Facebook

  23. The Following 7 Users Say Thank You to Steamer For This Useful Post:

    AHTS Master (November 6th, 2012), c.captain (November 6th, 2012), curtgetz (November 6th, 2012), Flyer69 (November 6th, 2012), injunear (November 6th, 2012), Topsail (November 6th, 2012), water (November 6th, 2012)

  24. #399
    jdcavo's Avatar
    jdcavo is offline Top Contributer
    Join Date
    Jun 2007
    Location
    Washington, DC
    Posts
    1,506
    Thanks
    32
    Thanked 368 Times in 239 Posts

    Default Re: HMS Bounty and Hurricane Sandy

    Quote Originally Posted by Topsail View Post
    ...is a question of fact for the ... jury.
    Not in an admiralty case in federal court, there are no juries.
    Share on Facebook

  25. #400
    water's Avatar
    water is offline Top Contributer
    Join Date
    Oct 2008
    Posts
    614
    Thanks
    84
    Thanked 99 Times in 80 Posts

    Default Re: HMS Bounty and Hurricane Sandy

    The surviving crew members were on the ABC morning show this morning. No details given of the problems they were having aboard that lead to the sinking.
    When life smothers you in molasses, make rum
    Share on Facebook

Page 20 of 45 FirstFirst ... 10181920212230 ... LastLast

Posting Permissions

  • You may not post new threads
  • You may not post replies
  • You may not post attachments
  • You may not edit your posts
  •  

Content Relevant URLs by vBSEO 3.6.0 PL2