OK, here is all I can find but it is from the CDC training program for potable systems on passenger vessels.
Where is this in the CFR or USCODE? Anyone???
"Types of crossconnection.
There are direct crossconnections,
and those are under the
influence of backpressure and backsiphonage. And then indirect crossconnections
are
only subject to backsiphonage. Types of backflow prevention are nonmechanical
and
mechanical.
Air gap, nonmechanical.
This slide represents an air gap, which is a physical separation.
This separation has to be two pipe diameters or 2.54 centimeters, whichever is greater.
For example, if I had a pipe that was onequarter
inch, two pipe diameters would be only
a half inch. One inch would be required. This is the highest form of protection. Air gap
alternatives are a barometric loop or antisiphon
loop."




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