I think most mariners are shocked to discover how little job preparation students actually get at the academies. The academies are far behind the times and completely out of touch with the current needs of the maritime industry and their students.
If anyone is even thinking about attending an academy, the first thing they should do is go get a: (1) TWIC Card; (2)
USCG Physical and drug test; (3) MMD (endorsed OS/Wiper/FH); and (4) U.S. Passport. They are going to need these things anyway, the cost is the same --- why wait for the academy to screw it up or get it done too late so that opportunities are missed.
If an academy does not offer an STCW approved BST (with Lifeboatman) course during the first year; then a student probably ought to take the 5 day course somewhere else on his own time and dime.
There are plenty of summer jobs on yachts, fishing boats, small passenger boats, small tugs, etc, that do not require any credentials at all, but having something would be an advantage. The typical small vessel owner wrongly assumes that a student who has completed one year at an academy has practical skills and expertise. There is no reason that a student should not use that common misconception to his advantage when hunting for a small vessel summer job.
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